The development and evolutionary roots of self-esteem trace back to both individual experiences and our ancestral past. Self-esteem, the subjective evaluation of one's worth and value, emerges through a complex interplay of psychological, social, and biological factors. In terms of development, early experiences, including parental nurturing, social interactions, and achievements, significantly shape one's sense of self-worth. Evolutionarily, self-esteem is believed to have adaptive value, promoting social connections, status, and reproductive success. It relates to fundamental human needs, such as belongingness and competence, and influences various aspects of life, including relationships, motivation, and mental well-being. Understanding the developmental and evolutionary roots of self-esteem sheds light on its multifaceted nature and underscores its significance in human psychology.