Existentialism is a philosophical movement that emphasizes individual freedom, choice, and the search for meaning and purpose in life. It is closely linked to the concept of neuroticism, which is a personality trait characterized by anxiety, insecurity, and emotional instability. There is a growing body of research that examines the relationship between neuroticism and the search for meaning in life, with existential psychologists proposing that these two factors are deeply interconnected.
One pair of scientists who have been studying the link between neuroticism and the search for meaning are Irvin Yalom and James Bugental. In their research, they have found that individuals who score high on measures of neuroticism tend to experience greater levels of existential anxiety and a heightened sense of meaninglessness. They suggest that this is because neuroticism makes individuals more sensitive to the uncertainties and anxieties of life, causing them to struggle with finding a sense of purpose and direction.
However, Yalom and Bugental also propose that individuals who experience neuroticism may be better equipped to confront existential questions and to engage in the search for meaning. They suggest that this is because individuals who score high on neuroticism tend to be more introspective, reflective, and self-critical, which can lead to a deeper exploration of the self and the world.
The link between neuroticism and the search for meaning highlights the importance of addressing existential concerns in therapeutic interventions for individuals who struggle with emotional instability and anxiety. By examining the role of childhood trauma and attachment, therapists can help clients to develop a greater sense of self-awareness and to engage in the search for meaning in a way that is meaningful and transformative.
Other studies
Existentialist philosophy and psychology have been interested in the concept of neuroticism and its relation to the human experience of meaning and purpose. Some studies in this area have explored the link between neuroticism and the fear of death, a central theme in existentialism.
For example, a study conducted by researchers Solomon, Greenberg, and Pyszczynski found that participants who scored high on a measure of neuroticism were more likely to express fear and anxiety in response to thoughts of their own mortality. This fear was seen as stemming from a deeper sense of existential dread and the realization of one's own mortality.
Another study by researchers McGregor and Marigold examined the relationship between neuroticism and the need for meaning in life. They found that individuals high in neuroticism reported a greater need for meaning in their lives, but were less likely to feel they had found it. This suggests that neurotic individuals may struggle more with finding a sense of purpose and direction in life, which can contribute to their overall sense of anxiety and distress.
Existentialist psychology has also explored the role of meaning-making in coping with neurotic symptoms. For example, a study by Wong and colleagues found that individuals who were able to find meaning in their experiences of anxiety and distress reported less severe symptoms of neuroticism. This highlights the importance of finding purpose and significance in one's struggles, rather than simply trying to eliminate them.
These studies suggest that existentialist perspectives can provide valuable insights into the experience of neuroticism, particularly in terms of the role of meaning and purpose in coping with symptoms. By examining the psychological and philosophical underpinnings of neuroticism, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of its complexities and develop more effective approaches to treatment and support.
Victor Frankl’s works
Victor Frankl was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who is best known for his work as a Holocaust survivor and founder of logotherapy. Logotherapy is a form of psychotherapy that focuses on the search for meaning in life. Frankl believed that humans have a basic need to find meaning in their lives, and that this need is essential for mental health and well-being.
In his book "Man's Search for Meaning," Frankl discussed the concept of neurosis and its relationship to the search for meaning. He argued that many of the symptoms of neurosis, such as anxiety and depression, are caused by a lack of meaning in one's life. He believed that by helping patients find meaning and purpose, he could help alleviate their symptoms and improve their overall well-being.
Frankl also emphasized the importance of taking responsibility for one's own life and choices. He believed that individuals have the power to choose how they respond to the challenges and difficulties of life, and that this ability to choose is essential for finding meaning and purpose.
Victor Frankl is considered one of the most influential figures in the field of existential psychology and is often associated with the existentialist movement. Frankl's ideas and theories are based on the belief that individuals have the freedom to choose their own paths in life, even in the face of adversity and suffering. He believed that meaning and purpose were central to human existence and that individuals could find meaning and purpose even in the most difficult of circumstances. Frankl's most famous work, "Man's Search for Meaning," is a classic example of existentialist thought and explores the human search for meaning in life, even in the midst of extreme suffering and hardship.