Narcissism refers to a personality trait characterized by excessive self-admiration, a sense of entitlement, and a lack of empathy towards others. The causes of narcissism are believed to be multifaceted, involving a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. Research suggests that individuals with narcissistic traits often develop this behavior as a defense mechanism to mask underlying insecurities and feelings of inadequacy. Moreover, childhood experiences, such as excessive pampering or neglect, can also contribute to the development of narcissistic tendencies. Understanding the complex etiology of narcissism is crucial for implementing effective interventions and promoting healthier self-perceptions.